The meanings of Russian prepositions coincide with the meanings of
their most common English equivalents only to a limited degree.
Russian prepositions are also extremely precise in their meanings. The
English-speaker must therefore think particularly carefully about the
meaning of the English preposition in a given context before rendering
it into Russian. Moreover, some of the most widespread English
prepositions (e.g. for, of, to, with) are often not rendered in Russian by
any preposition at all, since their meaning may be implicit in the use of
a certain Russian case. Attention must also be paid to the fact that
some common Russian prepositions are capable of governing more
than one case and that they have different meanings when they are
used with different cases.
Prepositions followed by apparent nominative forms
В in a few expressions denoting change of status or promotion this preposition governs a noun which, although it is animate, has an accusative form that coincides with the nominative rather than the genitive:
пойти в лётчики - to become a pilot
выйти в люди - to get on in the world
произвeсти в полковники - to promote to the rank of colonel
ЗА is followed by a noun in the nominative case in the interrogative
expression что это зa ...? What sort of . . . is...? and in the interjectional expression что зa ...! What a. . . !
что это зa мaшинa? - What sort of a car is it?
что зa дeнь! - What a wonderful day!
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