Урок 20. 20 труднопроизносимых русских слов. Lesson 20. 20 Difficult Russian Words to Pronounce.

Almost all consonants in Russian appear in two forms: palatalized (soft) and non-palatalized (hard) ones. The term palatalized means that while pronouncing the sound the middle part of your tongue is lifted toward the hard palate and makes what is being uttered sound in a higher pitch what is perceived by us as softness. You can determine where your hard palate is by pronouncing the sound [j] like in "yes": it is where your tongue touches the upper jaw. Try to compare sounds [n] and [n'] (' denotes palatalization) in words "not" and "new": in the first one you pronounce [n] because the next [o] vowel is on open vowel and does not require your tongue to lift while pronouncing [n]; on the contrary, in the second word you pronounce [n'] because your tongue automatically adjusts to the pronunciation of the next [j] consonant and lifts toward the hard palate.

1. артикуляция	[uhr-tee-koo-l’ah-tsih-yuh]	articulation
2. благотворительность	[bluh-guh-tvuh-ree-teel’-nuhs’t’]	charity
3. воодушевление	[vuh-uh-doo-sheev-l’eh-nee-yeh]	enthusiasm
4. глубокомысленный	[gloo-buh-kuh-mihs-leen-nihy]	thoughtful
5. доказательство	[duh-kuh-zah-teel’-stvuh]	proof

Урок 19. Русские слова, труднопереводимые на английский язык. Lesson 19. Russian words difficult to render in English.

This lesson deals with a number of common Russian words that are not easy to translate into English because they do not obviously have direct English equivalents. Many of these words without equivalents (бeзэквивaлeнтыe словa) are culture-specific. That is to say they denote phenomena, values, preoccupations or a way of viewing the world that are unfamiliar to English-speakers.

aзaртный	adventurous, animated, passionate; describes somebody  who gets carried away with smth or is prepared to stake a lot on smth, e.g. aзaртный чeловeк = gambler (fig); also aзaртныe игры: games of chance, gambling
бeздорожьe	absence of roads; bad condition of roads; season when roads are impassable
бeлоручкa	lit person with white hands, i.e. somebody who shirks rough or dirty work; softie

Грамматика русского языка. Часть 8. Глагол. Глава 11. Трудные формы будущего времени глагола. Russian Grammar. Part 8. The Verb. Unit 11. The Difficult Forms of The Future Perfectives.

дать - to give

я дам - I will give	мы дадим
ты дашь	вы дадите
он, она даст	они дадут

продать – to sell

я продам - I will sell	мы продадим
ты продашь	вы продадите
он, она продаст	они продадут

начать – to start, to begin

я начну - I will start	мы начнём
ты начнёшь	вы начнёте
он, она начнёт	они начнут