Some nouns do not work in the way described in Unit 2. Fortunately, irregular plural nouns in Russian fit into convenient groups.
One group of irregular masculine nouns all behave in the same way. Instead of ending in
ы or
и they must end in a stressed
a (or, in the case of уч
итель, a stressed
я). Here are the most common nouns which behave in this way:
| адрес - адреса | addresses | номер - номера | hotel rooms |
| берег - берега | shores | остров - острова | islands |
| вечер - вечера | evenings / parties | паспорт - паспорта | passports |
| глаз - глаза | eyes | поезд - поезда | trains |
| город - города | towns | профессор - профессора | professors |
| дом - дома | houses | трактор - трактора | tractors |
| доктор - доктора | doctors | учитель - учителя | teachers |
| лес - леса | forests | цвет - цвета | colours |
Try not to confuse the last word on this list with the plural noun цвет
ы (
flowers, singular цвет
ок).
A second group of masculine nouns takes the nominative plural ending
ья:
| брат - братья | brothers | лист - листья | leaves |
| друг - друзья | friends | стул - стулья | chairs |
| сын - сыновья | sons | | |
A third group of masculine nouns ends in the singular in
анин or
янин. To make the nominative plural of these nouns, simply remove
ин and add
е:
| англичанин - англичане | Englishmen | гражданин - граждане | citizens |
Feminine and neuter nouns have very few irregulars. The most common are:
| дочь (ж) - дочери | daughters | колено (ср) - колени | knees |
| мать (ж) - матери | mothers | плечо (ср) - плечи | shoulders |
| время (ср) - времена | times | ухо (ср) - уши | ears |
| дерево (ср) - деревья | trees | яблоко (ср) - яблоки | apples |
| имя (ср) - имена | names | | |
The good news is what some neuter nouns do not chsnge at all in the plural, so the following are both the singular and the plural forms:
| бюро | office | пианино | piano |
| виски | whisky | радио | radio |
| кафе | cafe | такси | taxi |
| метро | metro | | |
Note that all these “indeclinable” words (i. e. words that do not change) have been borrowed by Russian from western European languages.
The nouns for “children” and “people” are the most strikingly irregular of all:
| ребёнок - дети | children | человек - люди | people |
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