There are special instrumental singular adjective endings for each gender.
The endings for masculine and neuter adjectives are the same: either ым or им:
All unstressed and stressed adjectives take the ending ым unless their stem ends in г, к, х, ж, ч, ш, щ (spelling rule 1), in which case the ending is им: посещать музей с молодым иностранным (aнглийским) туристом (to visit thе museum with a young foreign (English) touist).
All stressed adjectives take the ending ым: c молодым туристом (with a young tourist).
All soft adjectives take the ending им: c прежним директором (with the former director).
All possessive adjectives take the ending им: c моим письмом (with my letter).
If an adjective is describing a feminine noun which is in the instrumental singular, then the adjective should end either in ой or ей (just like the instrumental singular noun ending).
All unstressed adjectives take the ending ой unless their stem ends in ж, ч, ш, щ, ц (spelling rule number 2), in which case the ending is ей: фильм с хорошей английской актрисой (thе movie with the good English actress).
All stressed adjectives take the ending ой: он работает с молодой англичанкой (he works with a young Englishwoman).
All soft adjectives take the ending eй: он работает с прежней учительницей (he works with a former teacher).
All possessive adjectives take the ending ей: он работает с моей сестрой (he works with my sister).
There are only two instrumental plural adjective endings (irrespective of gender).
The two possible endings for instrumental plural adjectives are ыми and ими. These endings are used for all three genders.
Stressed and unstressed adjectives always take the ending ыми (unless their stem ends in г, к, х, ж, ч, ш, щ (spelling rule 1)).
Examples of the ending ыми:
Гид в музее с молодыми туристами (the guide is at the museum with the young tourists).
Гид посещает театр с иностранными актрисами (the guide visits the theatre with foreign actresses).
Секретарь вошёл с важными письмами (the secretary came in with important letters).
The instumental plural adjective ending is ими if:
1. The adjective's stem ends in г, к, х, ж, ч, ш, щ (spelling rule 1);
2. The adjective is soft (e,g. cиний, dark blue);
3. The adjective is possessive (e.g. мой).
Examples of the ending ими:
1. Гид в музее с английскими туристами (the guide is in the ttuseurn with the English tourists).
2. Он работает с прежними политиками (he works with former politicians).
3. Мы отдыхаем с нашими друзьями (we are on holiday with our friends).
The endings for masculine and neuter adjectives are the same: either ым or им:
All unstressed and stressed adjectives take the ending ым unless their stem ends in г, к, х, ж, ч, ш, щ (spelling rule 1), in which case the ending is им: посещать музей с молодым иностранным (aнглийским) туристом (to visit thе museum with a young foreign (English) touist).
All stressed adjectives take the ending ым: c молодым туристом (with a young tourist).
All soft adjectives take the ending им: c прежним директором (with the former director).
All possessive adjectives take the ending им: c моим письмом (with my letter).
If an adjective is describing a feminine noun which is in the instrumental singular, then the adjective should end either in ой or ей (just like the instrumental singular noun ending).
All unstressed adjectives take the ending ой unless their stem ends in ж, ч, ш, щ, ц (spelling rule number 2), in which case the ending is ей: фильм с хорошей английской актрисой (thе movie with the good English actress).
All stressed adjectives take the ending ой: он работает с молодой англичанкой (he works with a young Englishwoman).
All soft adjectives take the ending eй: он работает с прежней учительницей (he works with a former teacher).
All possessive adjectives take the ending ей: он работает с моей сестрой (he works with my sister).
There are only two instrumental plural adjective endings (irrespective of gender).
The two possible endings for instrumental plural adjectives are ыми and ими. These endings are used for all three genders.
Stressed and unstressed adjectives always take the ending ыми (unless their stem ends in г, к, х, ж, ч, ш, щ (spelling rule 1)).
Examples of the ending ыми:
Гид в музее с молодыми туристами (the guide is at the museum with the young tourists).
Гид посещает театр с иностранными актрисами (the guide visits the theatre with foreign actresses).
Секретарь вошёл с важными письмами (the secretary came in with important letters).
The instumental plural adjective ending is ими if:
1. The adjective's stem ends in г, к, х, ж, ч, ш, щ (spelling rule 1);
2. The adjective is soft (e,g. cиний, dark blue);
3. The adjective is possessive (e.g. мой).
Examples of the ending ими:
1. Гид в музее с английскими туристами (the guide is in the ttuseurn with the English tourists).
2. Он работает с прежними политиками (he works with former politicians).
3. Мы отдыхаем с нашими друзьями (we are on holiday with our friends).
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