The accusative case is used for the direct obiect of a sentence. The direct obiect is the person or thing that has an action done to it.
Most sentences include the formula Subject (person or thing performing an action) + Verb (action
performed) + Object (person or thing that has action done to it).
In tne singular, masculine nouns only change in the accusative case if they are animate (i.e. a person or an animal). All inanimate nouns (i.e. things) remain the same as in the nominative:
Хорошо, я возьму журнал. Ok, I'll take the magazine.
If masculine singular nouns are animate (i.e. a person or an animal), their endings in the accusative are formed as follows:
The overwhelming majority of neuter nouns are inanimate, and they do not change in the accusative case:
Письмо интересное? Дайте мне письмо, пожалуйста. Is the letter interesting? Give me the letter, please. A common animate neuter noun is лицо (when it means person, not face); its animate accusative is лица.
Feminine singular nouns always change in the accusative case, whether animate or inanimate, except for soft-sign nouns (e.g. дверь door). Accusative endings of feminine nouns are formed as follows:
lf a plural noun is the obiect in a phrase or sentence its endings must change. The endings depend on whether the noun is animate (a percon or an animal) or inanimate (a thing).
The good news is that if a noun is inanimate, the ending for the accusative plural is exactly the same as the ending for the nominative plural. This applies to all three genders.
If a noun is anirnaoe, then its ending must change. The animate accusative plural and the genitive plural are the only cases where the endings are different for the three genders.
Masculine animate accusative plural:
Care is needed if the masculine singular nominative ends in ж, ч, ш, щ. If it does, add eй, not oв: e.g. врач – врачей.
Feminine animate accusative plural:
Care is needed with feminine nouns ending in a. If you are left with a cluster of consonants when you have removed the a you usually need to insert the vowel o, e or (very occasionally) ё. Three common examples you might find in the animate accusative are:
девушка – девушек, марка – марок, сестра – сестёр.
Вы знаете этих девушек? Do you know these girls?
Нет, но я знаю их сестёр. No, but I know their sisters.
There are very few neuter animate nouns. A common one is лицо (when it means person).The animate accusative plural is formed simply by removing the last letter.
Most sentences include the formula Subject (person or thing performing an action) + Verb (action
performed) + Object (person or thing that has action done to it).
| Subject + | Verb + | Object + | Meaning |
| Анна | смотрит | телевизор | Anna is watching television |
| Борис | читает | газету | Boris is reading the newspaper |
| Мы | слушаем | радио | We are listening to the radio |
In tne singular, masculine nouns only change in the accusative case if they are animate (i.e. a person or an animal). All inanimate nouns (i.e. things) remain the same as in the nominative:
Хорошо, я возьму журнал. Ok, I'll take the magazine.
If masculine singular nouns are animate (i.e. a person or an animal), their endings in the accusative are formed as follows:
| To a consonant, add a: | студент - студента |
| Remove й, then add я: | герой - героя |
| Remove ь, then add я: | учитель - учителя |
| Вы знаете Бориса? Do you know Boris? | Мы видим учителя каждый день. We see the teacher every day. |
Письмо интересное? Дайте мне письмо, пожалуйста. Is the letter interesting? Give me the letter, please. A common animate neuter noun is лицо (when it means person, not face); its animate accusative is лица.
Feminine singular nouns always change in the accusative case, whether animate or inanimate, except for soft-sign nouns (e.g. дверь door). Accusative endings of feminine nouns are formed as follows:
Remove a, add y: | актриса - актрису |
| Remove я, add ю: | неделя - неделю |
| Soft sign stays the same: | дверь - дверь |
| Вы знаете Татьяну? | Do you know Tatyana? |
The good news is that if a noun is inanimate, the ending for the accusative plural is exactly the same as the ending for the nominative plural. This applies to all three genders.
| Subject + | Verb + | Object + | Meaning |
| Анна | смотрит | фильмы | Anna watches films |
| Борис | читает | газеты | Boris reads newspapers |
| Мы | моем | окна | We are cleaning the windows |
If a noun is anirnaoe, then its ending must change. The animate accusative plural and the genitive plural are the only cases where the endings are different for the three genders.
Masculine animate accusative plural:
| To a consonant, add ов: | студент - студентов |
| Remove й, then add ев: | герой - героев |
| Remove ь, then add eй: | писатель - писателей |
Care is needed if the masculine singular nominative ends in ж, ч, ш, щ. If it does, add eй, not oв: e.g. врач – врачей.
Feminine animate accusative plural:
| Remove a, add nothing: | актриса - актрис |
| Remove я, add ь: | броня - бронь |
| For nouns ending in ия, remove я, add й: | Мария - Марий |
| Remove ь, add ей: | лошадь - лошадей |
девушка – девушек, марка – марок, сестра – сестёр.
Вы знаете этих девушек? Do you know these girls?
Нет, но я знаю их сестёр. No, but I know their sisters.
There are very few neuter animate nouns. A common one is лицо (when it means person).The animate accusative plural is formed simply by removing the last letter.
this an awesome lesson Kathy thanx
ОтветитьУдалитьThank you!
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