среда, 22 февраля 2012 г.

Грамматика русского языка. Часть 12. Наречия. Глава 2. Сравнительная и превосходная степень наречий. Russian Grammar. Part 12. Adverbs. Unit 2. Comparative and Superlative Forms of Adverbs.

Adverbs, like adjectives, have comparative and superlative forms (e.g. he runs more quickly and he runs the most quickly).

(a) The comparative adverb is identical to the short form comparative adjective: so, for example: быстрее, more quickly, медленнee, more slowly, лучше, better:

Он всегда работает быстрее, чем я.
He always works more quickly thаn I do.

Adverbs ending in -и form their comparative with более:

Он всегда работает более логически, чем я.
He always works more logically than I do.

(b) To say, for example, less quickly, less logically, use менee with the adverb:

Он всегда думает менее логически, чем я.
He always thinks less logically than I do.

(c) Дальше (further) and раньше (earlier, previously) come from adjectives, but are used only as comparative adverbs.

(d) Like comparative adjectives, comparative adverbs can form constructions with both чем and with the genitive of comparison:

Victor works harder than Valentin.
Виктор работает усерднее, чем Валентин.

Victor works harder than Valentin.
Виктор работает усерднее Валентина.

The words гораздo or намногo (much) can also be used with comparative adverbs:

Он работает гораздо быстрее, чем я.
He works much more quickly than I do.

Ещё can be used with a comparative adverb to mean even: он работает ещё быстрее, he works even more quickly.

(e) The short form of the comparative adverb is very useful in expressions such as: чем больше, тем веселее, the more the merrier, как можно скорее, as quickly/soon as possible, всё чаще, more (and more) often.

(f) To make the superlative of an adverb, simply add всего or всех: if you want to say 'best of all' be careful to check whether you mean 'better than anything else' or 'better than anyone else':

Она играет на гитаре лучше всего.
She plays the guitar best of all (i.e. better than she does anything else).

Она играет на гитаре лучше всех.
She plays the guitar best of all (i.e. better than anyone else).

2 комментария:

  1. I think there is an error in the English translation in b). I think that it should say:He always thinks less logically than I do.

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